What is a vaccine? How do vaccines work?

Vaccines are made with a tiny amount of dead or weakened germs. They help the immune system learn how to protect itself against disease. Vaccines are a safe and effective way to keep your child from getting very sick from the real disease.


The dead or weakened germs in vaccines help your child's immune system to make two important tools: antibodies and immune memory.Together,these tools will help your child recognize and fight off the germs if exposed to them in the future. Most children are fully protected after they are vaccinated. This means that they will never get serious vaccine-preventable diseases. In rare cases, children who are immunized can still get the disease because they only get partial protection from the vaccine. They may develop mild symptoms if they are exposed to a disease, but will not suffer serious complications.

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What is antenatal care? When to start antenatal care?

Antenatal care is the care you receive from healthcare professionals during your pregnancy. When
you first learn that you're pregnant, get in touch with a doctor who specializes in pregnancy and
birth (obstetrician) as soon as possible. Regular checks during your pregnancy can assist in
identifying and reducing risks to either you or your baby. Antenatal visits also give you a chance to
ask any questions and to talk about any issues that you are unsure about.

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How much weight can I gain during pregnancy?

How much weight you should gain during your pregnancy depends on your body mass index (BMI) before you conceived. Excessive weight gain during pregnancy may lead to insulin resistance,

gestational diabetes or hypertension, all of which are associated with health risks in the offspring.

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What are the problems for which I should see my doctor?

1. You are 15 years old and have not had a period.
2. Your period comes more often than every 21 days or less often than every 45 days.
3. Your periods are so heavy that you have to change pads or tampons often.
4. Unwanted facial hair, acne, excessive weight gain.

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WHEN SHOULD I BEGIN SEEING AN OBSTETRICIAN–GYNECOLOGIST?

Girls should have their first gynecologic visit between 13 and 15 years or earlier if necessary. The first visit may be just a talk between you and your doctor.You can ask questions about your body, menstrual cycles, sex and sexuality, emotional ups and downs. Most of these concerns are a normal part of growing up..

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